Petroleum Refining Petroleum refining consists of separating the mixed hydrocarbons that make up petroleum into various usable petroleum derivatives. Oil refining goes through several stages:
Separation or cracking is often carried out by fractional distillation, which depends on the boiling point of the hydrocarbon components. By heating the oil, each substance evaporates when it reaches its boiling point and separates from the rest of the material, then intensifies each material separately.
– Conversion is a chemical process designed to convert petroleum-separated hydrocarbons into more desirable compounds, such as converting diesel into gasoline.
– The treatment is intended to purify hydrocarbons from impurities.
– The mixture consists of mixing hydrocarbons with other materials to improve their properties.
General information about oil and derivatives:
– The following information about oil and its derivatives is equivalent to one liter of oil: 159 liters or 42 gallons of America.
– Venezuela has the largest oil reserves in the world at 298.35 billion barrels, while the United States ranks first in world oil consumption. The percentage of gasoline in crude oil is 45%.
– Amputation and chemicals are used in the production of electronic devices.
-The oil is known as black gold in Texas.
-The drilling process for oil begins to pump air into a hole in the ground and, in the case of an oil slick, to reach tens of meters from the surface of the earth.
